Mr Benjamin Ashley

Honours thesis

A history of Algebra

Algebra is one of the most well-known branches of mathematics. When asked to name a branch of mathematics, if a person does not respond "geometry" they will almost certainly respond "algebra". And yet, despite its "popularity", very few people know exactly how the science of algebra as it is today came to be. The history of algebra is a fascinating subject, full of brilliance and short-sightedness and of tragedy and triumph. This thesis attempts to provide an outline of the development of algebra. Every effort will be made to provide lucid examples where possible and to sustain the interest of mathematicians whilst not growing too technical for those with less of a mathematical background. The thesis will cover the ma jor developments in algebra from the hieratic inscriptions of the Ancient Egyptians, up to the foundation of Galois Theory. Over these 4 millenia, attitudes towards and techniques used in algebra changed dramatically. It is these changes that this thesis will document.