Statistics in Engineering
With examples in MATLAB^® and R

Andrew Metcalfe, David Green, Tony Greenfield, Mahayaudin Mansor, Andrew Smith and Jonathan Tuke.

Chapter 2

Data sets

Three approaches to defining probability are introduced. We explain the fundamental rules of probability and use these to solve a variety of problems. Expected monetary value is defined and applied in conjunction with decision trees. Permutations and combinations are defined and we make a link with the equally likely definitions of probability. We discuss the concept of random digits and their use for drawing simple random samples from a population.

Table 2.2: Changes to Wikipedia and robot erases of changes (fictitious).
Exercise 2.41: CVaR.

Contract A (probabilities of profit).
Contract B (probabilities of profit).

Exercise 2.42: Utility 1.

Utility (profit vs utility).

Exercise 2.61: Benford's law.
(Some larger data sets.)

Animas river (annual peak flows in cfs, and gage height in feet).
LAN data (number of packet arrivals in consecutive 10 milli-second intervals)
Moonlight gold prospect (parts per million of arsenic [As] and gold [Au])
San Fernando earthquake (Ground acceleration in g)
Ship hull roughness (height, in microns, from highest peak to lowest trough)